This story was updated
at 8:40 p.m. EDT.
HOUSTON - NASA engineers are drawing
up plans to remove two strips of filler material jutting out from the
heat-resistant tiles the space shuttle Discovery belly should mission managers
decide the action is needed to safeguard the orbiter's heat shield, shuttle
officials said Sunday.
The potential repair, a first if
implemented, could be folded into the last of three planned spacewalks for
Discovery's crew on Aug. 3, or even warrant a fourth extravehicular activity
(EVA), though it is still undecided whether any action is required, they added.
"The jury is out, at this point, on
whether any we'll do anything," said Wayne Hale, NASA's deputy shuttle program
manager, during an afternoon briefing at here at Johnson Space Center (JSC).
"Just the fact that we know about this situation is something new and
completely different."
Hale said the imaging provided by
astronauts aboard the International Space Station (ISS) - where Discovery is
currently docked
- and the shuttle's orbital inspection boom have given flight controllers
they're first glimpse of the heat shield protrusions, gap-fillers made of a
ceramic fiber cloth. In past shuttle flights, they have only been found after
landing, shuttle officials said.
While space shuttles have landed
safely numerous times with such protrusions, aerodynamics experts are working
to determine how the protruding gap-fillers would affect Discovery's reentry
through Earth's atmosphere during its planned Aug. 8 landing.
"We have a team of folks working
aggressively on options to make that gap filler safe if we decide it's an
issue," said Paul Hill, lead flight director for Discovery's STS-114 mission,
adding that a separate team is studying the reentry heating effects involved
with leaving the protrusions in place. "We expect to have final results on aeroheating and a decision on whether we need to do
anything about the gap fillers on Monday."
The aeroheating
results should be among of the last pieces of data NASA needs to give Discovery
a clean bill of health. NASA engineers are currently working to complete their
analysis of Discovery's wing leading edges to ensure the heat-resistant
reinforced carbon carbon panels (RCC) are safe for reentry.
Initially projected for completion today, image analysts have asked for an
additional day to finish studying data collected by Discovery astronauts during
a follow-up inspection, Hale said.
The shuttle's ceramic tiles and
thermal blankets were cleared
for reentry Saturday, NASA officials said.
"We think Discovery is safe to bring
home," NASA's top administrator Michael Griffin said on NBC's "Meet the Press"
Sunday. "We have approximately one-sixth the number of
scars on this orbiter, by actual count, as compared to the average of the last
113 flights."
During in-flight inspections of
Discovery's heat shield, astronauts aboard the International Space Station
(ISS) photographed the two gap-fillers sticking out; one about 1.1 inches (2.7
centimeters) out from just behind the nose landing gear and another farther
back jutting between six-tenths (1.5 centimeters) to nine-tenths (2.3
centimeters) of an inch into space. The protrusions were not caused by impacts or
other damage and have been seen in past shuttle flights, but can cause
increased drag during reentry and hotter temperatures just aft of the filler
materials, NASA officials said.
A typical shuttle reentry generates
temperatures of about 2,300 degrees Fahrenheit along the orbiter's tile-covered
underside.
During NASA's STS-73 shuttle flight
aboard Columbia in 1995, an errant gap-filler was found jutting from its heat
shield after landing, said Steve Poulos, NASA's
orbiter projects manager. Measuring about 1.4 inches (3.5 centimeters)
unrolled, the gap-filler actually stuck out about 0.6 inches (1.5 centimeters)
during the descent, with reentry temperatures for the tile section in that flight
were estimated at about 2,700 to 2,800 degrees Fahrenheit, he added.
Hill said that gap filler
protrusions from the shuttle's forward tile sections are understood out to
about a quarter-inch (0.6 centimeters). Since the largest protrusion seen on
Discovery is about an inch long, it warrants the added study, he said.
A spacewalk activity
If a fix is needed, it appears
relatively straightforward.
One of Discovery's two spacewalkers,
mission specialists Soichi Noguchi and Stephen
Robinsons, could snip away the excess gap filler or pull it out entirely while
standing at the end of a robotic arm, but whether that arm is attached to the
shuttle or ISS is still under discussion.
Both astronauts have rehearsed some
gap-filler removal techniques as part of the thermal protection repair method
training they received for their mission's first spacewalk,
Poulos said. Removing both gap-fillers entirely, if
needed, would not compromise the shuttle's heat shield, he added.
The station's arm could be
repositioned from its current location outside the Destiny laboratory to its
Mobile Base Platform, which would allow more clearance between the arm and
Discovery during any fix operation, Hill added.
"If it's relatively simple...why wouldn't you not go out and take care of it," Hale said
of the potential spacewalk repair.
Discovery's arm could reach the two
gap fillers - which are located behind the shuttles nose landing gear doors -
but is currently carrying the 50-foot (15-meter) orbital boom sensor system
(OBSS) used for heat shield inspections.
Shuttle arm operators would have to hand off the boom to station arm
controllers for stowage in Discovery's payload bay, where it could block access
to other equipment.
"So the options get complicated,"
Hill said.
One option not on the table calls
for placing a spacewalker at the end of Discovery's orbital boom, an operation
planned to be tested in a future shuttle flight, Poulos
said.
If mission managers decide any fix
is needed, it will likely be tacked onto Discovery's third spacewalk - which
currently has about 30 minutes spare time thanks to get ahead activities
performed but Noguchi and Robinson in a July 30 spacewalk
- instead of a fourth EVA since flight controllers hope to dedicate an extra
mission day announced Saturday to additional cargo transfer, Hill added.
Meanwhile, Discovery astronauts
continue to haul cargo
into the ISS from their orbiter's mid-deck and a cargo pod they delivered to
the station.
"I can't be happier with the
progress of this mission and I couldn't be happier with the performance of this
crew and the flight control team," Hill said.
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