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This image was composed of exposures taken by Cassini's narrow angle camera on November 9, 2003 at 08:54 UTC (spacecraft event time) from a distance of 111.4 million km (69.2 million mi) -- about three-fourths the distance of the Earth from the Sun -- and 235 days from insertion into Saturn orbit.
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By Robert Roy Britt
Senior Science Writer
posted: 06:08 am ET
05 December 2003

EMBARGOED

A new picture of Saturn taken by NASA's Cassini spacecraft is a pleasant appetizer to a steady fare of unprecedented images expected early next year.

Cassini was 69 million miles (111 million kilometers) from Saturn when it took the photograph. It is scheduled to arrive July 1, 2004 and start a four-year primary mission. It will begin sending images regularly in February.

"Already, we are seeing familiar and sharp details, like the structure in the Saturn B ring, the Encke gap in the outermost A ring and five of Saturn's icy satellites," said Cassini imaging team leader Carolyn Porco at the Space Science Institute in Boulder, Colorado. "And we are still very far away."

Data for the photograph was gathered last month and it was released early this morning.

More to come

Cassini cameras have better detectors than the Voyager cameras did, Porco said, so when the spacecraft gets closer to its target it should produce clearer and sharper views than have ever been seen of Saturn.

"You can expect a real visual feast," Porco told SPACE.com. She said a regular flow of images should start in mid- to late-February.

"We will have very finely detailed images of atmospheric features like storms and waves, ring details that will exceed anything we've seen before by a factor of three to four, and resolution on some of the Saturn satellites fine enough to see features the size of an apartment building, if there are any!" she said. "We will know so much more than we do now."

"I can't wait to dive in as we see it all unfold over the next few months," said Anthony DelGenio, an imaging team member from NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies in New York City.

Cassini launched on Oct. 15, 1997. It took a circuitous route, looping by Venus twice, then around Earth, and in 2000 it swung past Jupiter. With each planet flyby, the spacecraft robbed a little orbital energy from the respective planet to gain speed. The scheme saves fuel and makes the mission less expensive.

Along the way, the robot captured the best global image ever made of Jupiter's colorful clouds.

Great expectations

The spacecraft carries a separate probe that will be released into the atmosphere of Titan, Saturn's largest Moon. Scientists want to learn whether the moon has seas of liquid methane, as limited observations so far suggest.

The Huygens probe will parachute through the smoggy Titan air on Jan. 14, 2005. Scientists cannot predict whether it will touch down or splash down.

Researchers also hope the craft will help solve a recently uncovered mystery: Saturn's rapid winds vary in speed over long stretches of time by some 40 percent. Astronomers don't know if the changes are due to seasonal changes or possibly the shadows cast by the rings.

Find Saturn Tonight!

On New Year's Eve, Saturn will be closer to Earth than it's been in 30 years. On Dec. 10, it will be near the Moon in the night sky. You can spot the ringed beauty any night this month!

Viewer's Guide >>>

Porco said Cassini could discover small moons embedded in the gaps of Saturn's rings.

"We should be able to see ring-embedded moons only a few miles in diameter," she said.

The satellites would add to a soaring tally of moons throughout the solar system. They might also help scientists learn more about how long Saturn's rings have existed, one of the greatest puzzles of the solar system.

 

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