LOS ANGELES (AP) -- In March, NASA launched an
experimental jet that reached a record-setting speed of about 5,000 mph. Now
researchers want to leave that milestone in the dust.
NASA's third and last X-43A ''scramjet'' is set to
streak over the Pacific Ocean on Monday at 7,000 mph for 10 or 11 seconds -- or
10 times the speed of sound.
The first X-43A flight failed in June 2001 when the
booster rocket used to accelerate it to flight speed veered off course and had
to be destroyed. The second flight in March was a success, reaching Mach 6.83 --
nearly 5,000 mph -- and setting a new world speed record for a plane
powered by an air-breathing engine.
The last hypersonic X-43A will try, weather
permitting, to break that record by making its advanced supersonic combustion
ramjet perform at a level that can't even be tested on the ground, project
officials said Wednesday from NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center at Edwards
Air Force Base, Calif.
"What we're trying to do is really get to the reality
of flight -- find out what does work, what doesn't work. So there is risk in
this program," said Vince Rausch, Hyper-X program manager at NASA's Langley
Research Center in Virginia.
"We fully anticipate that we've reduced that risk to
acceptable levels but you never are sure, especially in doing something for the
first time, going Mach 10, until we actually fly."
Just 12 feet long and 5 feet wide, the unmanned X-43A
is mounted on the nose of a Pegasus rocket that will be carried aloft to 40,000
feet by NASA's B-52 research aircraft and released. The Pegasus rocket will
ignite and carry the X-43A to an altitude of 110,000 feet and a speed of about
Mach 10, then release it for its brief powered flight.
The X-43A will then become a glider and perform
maneuvers until it splashes down into the ocean.
That will be the end of the X-43A project, which has
cost more than $230 million and has no immediate follow-on program.
"I have mixed emotions about this mission," said Joel
Sitz, project manager for X-43A flight research at Dryden. "I'm very excited
about next week. I'm also a little bit sad about seeing the end of the program.
It's like watching your son go off to college."
Scramjet technology may be used in developing
hypersonic missiles and airplanes or reusable space launch vehicles, with a
potential for offering speeds of at least Mach 15. Unlike rockets, scramjets
wouldn't have to carry heavy oxidizer necessary to allow fuel to burn because
they can scoop oxygen out of the atmosphere.