CAPE CANAVERAL - NASA sent electrical power surging through shuttle Endeavour on Tuesday, signaling the end of a major overhaul and its return to normal launch processing.

About 75 workers gathered around the $1.8 billion spaceship when a red-and-white "Vehicle Powered" sign lit up inside the shuttle's hangar for the first time since August 2003.

"There was certainly a big cheer that went up in that room when that sign lit up," said Tassos Abadiotakis, NASA's lead vehicle manager at Kennedy Space Center and the senior engineer in charge of preparing Endeavour for flight.

"It's really a big deal when we've got the ship back together enough to power it up and start (preflight) testing on the vehicle."

NASA sidelines shuttle orbiters after every eight flights for extensive inspections and modifications.

Endeavour, which was built to replace Challenger after it was lost in a 1986 launch explosion, was taken out of service in December 2003. The spaceship underwent 124 modifications. Some were safety modifications ordered after the 2003 Columbia accident; others already had been planned.

Among them:

• A new "glass cockpit" that includes 11 full-color, flat-panel screens that display information about vehicle systems' performance. The display panels replace out-of-date cockpit instrumentation that included 32 gauges and electromechanical displays and four cathode ray tubes.

• New Global Positioning System navigation equipment that will enable a shuttle to land -- particularly in an emergency -- at any runway in the world. Shuttle orbiters now can only land at sites equipped with Tactical Air Navigation systems, which are primarily used by the military.

• A new power converter system that will enable Endeavour to stay at the International Space Station for nine to 12 days. The capability will play a key role in the amount of station construction work NASA can complete before the shuttle fleet is retired in 2010.

Technicians inspected more than 150 miles of electrical wiring. They replaced more than 1,000 heat-shielding tiles, which protect orbiters and astronauts from intense heat -- up to 3,000 degrees -- during atmospheric re-entry. A faulty braking system critical to safe landings was repaired. The ship also was rigged so a new orbital inspection boom can be installed in its payload bay before its next flight.

Final tests to Endeavour's new cockpit will be conducted during the next seven to 10 days, and then technicians will begin about 8,000 preflight tests. Abadiotakis said Endeavour will be ready to fly in about 10 to 11 months.

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