German X-Ray Telescope Takes First Images of Universe. Here They Are!

This eROSITA image shows the Large Magellanic Cloud, our galactic neighbor. The image was created with exposures from all seven of the telescope's mirror modules; the pictures were taken between Oct. 18 and 19.
This eROSITA image shows the Large Magellanic Cloud, our galactic neighbor. The image was created with exposures from all seven of the telescope's mirror modules; the pictures were taken between Oct. 18 and 19. (Image credit: F. Haberl, M. Freyberg and C. Maitra; MPE/IKI)

The first images from a dark-energy-hunting telescope have been revealed, and they're spectacular.

On Oct. 22, 2019, the inaugural images from the German X-ray telescope eROSITA were presented to the public at the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (MPE) in Bavaria, Germany. These "first light" images are a combination of pictures from all seven of the telescope's Wolter-1 mirror modules, which have been scanning the sky with custom CCD cameras. 

This image from eROSITA shows A3391/3395, two interacting galaxy clusters that are 800 million light-years from Earth. This image was created with exposures from all seven of the telescope's mirror modules; the images were taken between Oct. 17 TKTK (Image credit: T. Reiprich (University of Bonn), M. Ramos-Ceja (MPE), F. Pacaud (University of Bonn), D. Eckert (University of Geneva), J. Sanders (MPE), N. Ota (University of Bonn), E. Bulbul (MPE), V. Ghirardini (MPE), MPE/IKI)

The German space agency (DLR)'s eROSITA telescope, which has been making observations since Oct. 13, has taken combined X-ray images of pieces of the night sky. Those include pictures of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and A3391/3395, an interacting pair of galaxy clusters located about 800 million light-years from Earth.

Related: X-Ray Universe: Amazing Photos by the Chandra X-Ray Observatory

"These first images from our telescope show the true beauty of the hidden universe," Peter Predehl, principal investigator of eROSITA, said in a statement. "To meet our science goals, we needed enough sensitivity to detect the most-distant clusters of galaxies in the universe over the whole sky and resolve them spatially. These first light images show that we can do exactly that, but we can go a lot further."

The eROSITA X-ray telescope before it launched aboard a Proton rocket on July 13, 2019. (Image credit: DLR)

Between the telescope's CCD cameras and seven mirror modules, the observatory is extremely sensitive. "The potential for new discoveries is immense. Now we can start reaping the fruits of more than 10 years of work," Predehl added. 

A testament to the sensitivity of the instrument, eROSITA was able to capture some interesting details in the LMC, including remnants of the supernova SN 1987A and a number of both foreground stars and distant active galactic nuclei. 

The highly sensitive eROSITA telescope will not only help scientists capture detailed images of cosmic objects like stars and diffuse gas, but it could also support the investigation of dark energy, scientists said. 

"This is a dream come true. We now know that eROSITA can deliver on its promise and create a map of the whole X-ray sky with unprecedented depth and detail," Andrea Merloni, eROSITA project scientist, said in the same statement. 

"The legacy value will be enormous," Meroni added. "Beside the beautiful images like the ones we're showing today, catalogues of millions of exotic celestial objects such as black holes, galaxy clusters, neutron stars, supernovae and active stars will be used by astronomers for years to come."

eROSITA, which launched with a Spektrum-Röntgen-Gamma (Spektr-RG) satellite onboard a Proton rocket on July 13, 2019, from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, is part of Spectrum Roentgen Gamma (SRG), a Russian-German collaborative astrophysical-observation mission, which includes the Russian ART-XC telescope.

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Chelsea Gohd
Senior Writer

Chelsea “Foxanne” Gohd joined Space.com in 2018 and is now a Senior Writer, writing about everything from climate change to planetary science and human spaceflight in both articles and on-camera in videos. With a degree in Public Health and biological sciences, Chelsea has written and worked for institutions including the American Museum of Natural History, Scientific American, Discover Magazine Blog, Astronomy Magazine and Live Science. When not writing, editing or filming something space-y, Chelsea "Foxanne" Gohd is writing music and performing as Foxanne, even launching a song to space in 2021 with Inspiration4. You can follow her on Twitter @chelsea_gohd and @foxannemusic.