Why is a 'once-in-a-decade' Supermoon Blue Moon happening twice in 2 years?

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A 'once in a blue moon' event might not be as infrequent as you think.

two large skyscrapers on either side of a large bright full moon - the supermoon blue moon.
A Supermoon Blue Moon rises beyond skyscraper office buildings in the Cuatro Torres business district in Madrid, Spain, on Aug. 30, 2023 (Image credit: Paul Hanna/Bloomberg via Getty Images)

Just exactly when is the next Supermoon Blue Moon?

As we ready ourselves for the Supermoon Blue Moon on Monday, Aug. 19 where it officially becomes 100% full at 2:26 p.m. EDT (1826 GMT). Some of you eagle-eyed readers might be asking "Wait a minute, during last year's Supermoon Blue Moon you said the next Supermoon Blue Moon was in 2037, thus making it a once-in-a-decade event?" And you'd be right, well sort of… it's complicated.

The term "Blue Moon" actually has two meanings so they're not quite as rare as you might think, so much for "once in a blue moon," right?

A seasonal Blue Moon is the traditional definition of a Blue Moon and refers to the third full moon in a season that has four full moons according to NASA. The second definition — which arose from a misunderstanding of the original — is the monthly Blue Moon, referring to the second full moon in a single calendar month. Today, this monthly Blue Moon is accepted as an alternative definition rather than a mistake, according to Time and Date.

A supermoon is more common and simply refers to any full moon that occurs when the moon is within 90% of its closest approach to Earth, according to NASA. There will be four supermoons in a row this year: Aug. 19, Sept. 17, Oct. 17, and Nov. 15. The closest supermoon of 2024 will occur on Oct. 17 at 7:26 a.m. EDT (11:26 a.m. GMT). 

So the next Supermoon Blue Moon according to the monthly Blue Moon definition will indeed occur on Jan. 31, 2037, at 10:03 a.m. EST (1403 GMT.)

But the next Supermoon Blue Moon according to the seasonal Blue Moon definition will occur on Aug. 19, 2024, at 2:26 p.m. EDT (1826 GMT). After that, we won't see another Supermoon Blue Moon (under the seasonal definition) until Aug. 20, 2032.

After Monday's full moon, we'll need to wait a least 8 years for the next Supermoon Blue Moon, so if you can, try and get out and see it shine! The moon will still appear full on the nights before and after Aug. 19. 

Our moon viewing guide can tell you everything you need to know about observing our lunar companion and our Apollo landing sites guide will help you find where astronauts, rovers and landers have stepped onto another world. 

Daisy Dobrijevic
Daisy Dobrijevic
Skywatching Editor

Daisy Dobrijevic joined Space.com in February 2022, having previously worked as a staff writer for All About Space magazine. She completed an editorial internship with BBC Sky at Night Magazine and worked at the National Space Centre, communicating space science to the public.

Daisy holds a PhD in plant physiology and a Master's in Environmental Science. Based in Nottingham, U.K., she covers all things space, with a special focus on solar activity and space weather. She also has a keen interest in astrotourism and is always on the lookout for the next northern lights adventure.

She will be a guest speaker aboard HX's Solar Eclipse Expedition in August 2026 and will join Hurtigruten as an onboard astronomer for a northern lights sailing in January 2027.