A private moon lander's first flight in 2021 has come into much sharper focus.
The robotic Nova-C spacecraft built by Intuitive Machines will touch down near Vallis Schröteri, the largest valley on the moon, on its initial delivery mission for NASA in October 2021, company representatives announced today (April 13).
Vallis Schröteri is surrounded by Oceanus Procellarum, the "Ocean of Storms," which is the largest of the moon's many maria. The maria are dark basaltic plains that looked like oceans to early astronomers, which explains their name. ("Maria" is Latin for "seas.")
Related: Here's where commercial landers will land on the moon for NASA
The Nova-C team studied the region in great detail, eventually identifying a suitable landing site. The chosen area is flat, largely free of boulders and other hazards and will offer plentiful sunlight to the solar-powered Nova-C for 14 days, representatives of Houston-based Intuitive Machines said.
"This kind of lunar landing assessment hasn’t been done since the 1972 Apollo [17] mission," Intuitive Machines president and CEO Steve Altemus said in a statement. "The tremendous effort our team has put forth to fully characterize our descent approach, landing site options and lighting conditions to ensure mission success is a paramount task required to fulfill our obligation to our private payload customers and NASA."
The landing will come six days after liftoff, which is scheduled to take place atop a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket on Oct. 11, 2021, from NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida.
Related: NASA's full plate of moon missions before astronauts can go
Nova-C will fly under a $79.5 million contract Intuitive Machines signed with NASA's Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS) program in 2019. The private lander will deliver five NASA experiments and a number of commercial payloads to the lunar surface, Intuitive Machines representatives said.
CLPS is designed to pave the way for NASA's Artemis program of crewed lunar exploration, which aims to land two astronauts near the south pole in 2024 and establish a sustainable human presence on and around the moon by the end of the decade. For example, NASA's CLPS payloads include instruments that will assess stores of lunar water ice, a key resource for any crewed outpost.
Intuitive Machines isn't the only company with a CLPS delivery contract. Pittsburgh-based Astrobotic got a similar deal in 2019 and will fulfill it using a lander called Peregrine in 2021. A third company, Orbit Beyond, also won a CLPS contract in 2019 but subsequently dropped out.
And the pool of robotic landers that NASA might employ is much deeper still. A dozen companies, including heavyweights SpaceX and Blue Origin, are eligible to bid on CLPS delivery contracts.
- Moon rush: these companies have big plans for lunar exploration
- Moon master: an easy quiz for lunatics
- Astrobotic's private moon lander will launch on a Vulcan Centaur rocket in 2021
Mike Wall is the author of "Out There" (Grand Central Publishing, 2018; illustrated by Karl Tate), a book about the search for alien life. Follow him on Twitter @michaeldwall. Follow us on Twitter @Spacedotcom or Facebook.
Join our Space Forums to keep talking space on the latest missions, night sky and more! And if you have a news tip, correction or comment, let us know at: community@space.com.
