The Most Luminous Star
In 1997, UCLA astronomers using NASA's Hubble Space identified what may be
the most luminous star known. Truly, a celestial mammoth and 25,000 light years
away, the star releases up to 10 million times the power of the Sun and is big
enough to fill the diameter of Earth's orbit.
Unfortunately, this amazing star is not visible to the unaided eye. It is located
in the direction of the constellation Sagittarius, hidden behind the great dust
clouds along the Milky Way.
Astronomer Don Figer suggested that this star also created a surrounding cloud
of glowing gas, which has been dubbed the Pistol Nebula. As such, this powerhouse
star is called the Pistol Star.
The Pistol Star unleashes as much energy in six seconds as our Sun does in
a year.
Look to the south-southwest sky after darkness has fallen to find Sagittarius,
often depicted in allegorical star atlases as a centaur but who long ago was
not a centaur at all but simply standing Archer (looking with some apprehension
toward the Scorpion immediately to his west).
About two-fifths of the way up from the star Al Nasl northwest to Theta Ophiuchi
lies the direction of the center of our Milky Way system, appearing as a veritable
cloud of stars. This is also the same region of the sky where the Pistol Star
is located, but it is hidden from our view by a cloak of interstellar dust.
Interestingly, on average, there are less than half a dozen specks of this
microscopic matter in each cubic mile of space, yet this total is still sufficient
enough to present a solid and impenetrable curtain between us and this most
luminous of all stars.
Even the most powerful telescopes cannot see this star in visible wavelengths.
However, about 10 percent of the infrared light leaving the star does manage
to reach Earth, putting it within reach of infrared telescopes, which have seen
rapid technological advances in recent years -- spurred by projects such as
Hubble’s Near-Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS).
The Pistol Star might be only 1 million to 3 million years old, astronomers
say, and it will live for only another similar amount of time before exploding
in a supernova.
Next Page: The Most Distant Naked-Eye Object