Rockets named Titan have
been fixtures in the U.S. space program for decades, launching countless
military satellites, robotic scouts probing the solar system and even
astronauts. But the legacy is ending, leaving hundreds of aerospace workers
searching for new jobs.
A pair of
Titan 4 rockets, built by Lockheed Martin, are standing on their respective launch
pads at Florida's Cape Canaveral Air Force Station and California's Vandenberg
Air Force Base awaiting blastoff to carry spy satellite payloads into Earth
orbit for the U.S. National Reconnaissance Office.
The Cape mission is slated
for Friday night, marking the 168th and last Titan vehicle to fly from the
Space Coast since 1959.
About 300 Lockheed Martin
workers will lose their jobs 60 days after launch, while another 125 will face
the same fate over the next year after finishing efforts to safe and secure the
rocket facilities and pad.
"We're very excited
about having a launch, but it's a bitter pill that we're swallowing," said
Ben Dusenbery, Lockheed Martin's director of Titan
launch operations at the Cape.
The end of Titan at Cape
Canaveral will impact upwards of 600 to 700 people, officials say, when also
counting other companies supporting Titan such as Alliant
Techsystems, Boeing and Honeywell.
"It is a pretty big
army that has to launch a Titan 4," said Lt. Col. Jimmy Comfort, commander
of the 3rd Space Launch Squadron at the Cape and the Air Force launch director.
Dusenbery faces an uncertain future like so
many on his team.
"When I came onboard
in 1980, I was the youngest guy on the crew. The average age here was 55. So
I've seen all of those folks retire and move on. We've got a whole new
generation of folks on the program. It's become their livelihood.
"It's a
family-oriented organization. We try to establish a relationship with our
employees here to be more like a family than just an employee. We all feel some
kinship. I personally feel responsible for their livelihood after this program
comes to an end, and we're trying our darnedest to make sure they have
something they can go to."
The Pentagon decided
several years ago to phase out the Titan 4, which is expensive and requires a
long, cumbersome process to launch. A new breed of Atlas 5 and Delta 4 rockets
-- the Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicles -- were developed to replace Titan to
give the country assured access to space.
With the end of Titan
looming, the Air Force and Lockheed Martin created an incentive program to keep
a skilled workforce in place to conduct the final launches, which have carried
vital national security satellites into space. What's more, the Defense
Department is retaining all of the workers for 60 days after the last liftoff
to help ease the transition. The effort has resulted in the loss of very few
people.
"That is a great
benefit everybody has to keep our focus on launch," Dusenbery
said.
"You are going to be
worried about your livelihood, you are going to be worried about your family,
you are going to be worried about a lot of things, but when we get right down
here to the short strokes with this mission, the No. 1 priority has to be
mission success. It is critical for our national security. This payload is
critical to the Air Force and our Department of Defense, and consequently it is
critical to all of the citizens of this country, us
included."
Lockheed Martin has hosted
job fairs to assist the workers find new careers, within the space community or
outside.
"The company stepped
up with our own initiative to try to help people relieve their concerns as far
as job placement. The idea here is if we worry about getting you placed, you'll
not be worried about that and you'll be focused on the launch," Dusenbery said.
"I have to commend
Lockheed, especially, for their focus on launching the rocket and for their
leadership in doing all they can for the number of folks they may be displacing
after this launch," Comfort said.
"We've brought in
several job fairs over the past couple of months and got people an opportunity
to meet with other companies outside of Lockheed Martin in the local area.
...We have had success there," Dusenbery said.
"We also have job
fairs planned post-launch where we are bringing in all of the Lockheed Martin
units across the country. They are going to come in, bring the recruiters and
we're going to sit down with our folks and try to find placement for them within
Lockheed Martin. Unfortunately, not many of those opportunities are in the
local area."
Like many of his
colleagues, Dusenbery, a 25-year employee, hopes to
find work within Lockheed Martin.
"I'm in the same boat
as everybody else. I'm looking for an opportunity. I hope to stay with the
company; I've got a lot of years with them. There are a lot of folks in that
same boat out here in my age group. We want to stay with the company."
Of the 125 employees being
retained beyond the 60-day grace period, about 30 are headed to Vandenberg Air
Force Base to help launch that 39th and final Titan 4 rocket in July.
"There's
very specific skills that we've always shared with Vandenberg," Dusenbery explained.
Meanwhile, the chores to
decontaminate the Cape's Launch Complex 40, remove hazardous items and dispose
of hardware is expected to last through the year as the workforce gradually
dwindles down.
Plans for the pad and
various rocket assembly buildings are uncertain as officials examine the needs
for NASA's Crew Exploration Vehicle -- the human spaceship destined to replace
the space shuttle fleet in the coming years.
But for now, everyone is
focused on seeing the final Titan soar over the Cape's horizon and their own
immediate personal future.
"It is hard to think
about little more. You try to stay focused on mission success, but you can't
help but wonder where you are going to be next year," Dusenbery
said.
"I'm sure a lot of
these guys feel the same way I am -- when I cut, I bleed Titan. You almost feel
like 'gee, I wonder if I'll be capable of doing some other kind of job.' I know
so much about this program, and it's become obsolete.
"You have to be
hopeful that your profession, training and skills that you've had in past years
are still with you and you can adapt to a new job assignment. But it is
concerning and I share that with all of my peers out here. I'm sure they all
have those misgiving and concerns about where we're going."