WORCESTER, Mass. (AP) - He
was a sickly boy, often bedridden with tuberculosis, who passed the time with
fantastical stories by Jules Verne and H.G. Wells that made his mind imagine
otherworldly exploration.
But for Robert Goddard, who
would become the founding father of rocket science decades before men were sent
to the moon, traveling to places far from Earth wasn't just the stuff of
fiction.
In "Lift
Off: Reaching for the Stars,'' an exhibit on display at the Worcester
Historical Museum through July 22, Goddard's influence on space travel is
traced with photos and a narrative timeline from his boyhood dreams in
Worcester to the science he developed to make them happen.
In 1899, Goddard became
convinced it was possible to blast a rocket into space, and began pursuing
physics to prove his theory. He was 17.
"Everyone thought he was
nuts,'' said Vanessa Hofstetter, the museum's exhibit coordinator. "He thought
you could aim a rocket at the moon and it would get there.''
Through his research as a
student and professor at Worcester Polytechnic Institute and Clark University,
Goddard came up with a formula for liquid fuel - which he figured would be more
powerful than gunpowder - that could propel a rocket into space.
The scientific papers he
started publishing attracted attention from the media, which quickly dismissed
Goddard as a mad scientist without a prayer of proving his theories.
"The thing that really
comes to mind when thinking about Robert Goddard is his determination and his
focus,'' said Mott Linn, Clark University's archivist. "He decided to become a
physicist because he wanted to pick the discipline that would help him the most
in shooting an object into outer space. It became the No. 1 driving force in
his life. How many people have that focus?''
But before his success,
there were more than a few stumbles.
Goddard launched his first
rocket in 1926 on his aunt's farm in nearby Auburn.
The 10-foot-long, six-pound
projectile of metal tubing shot up 41 feet and arced out 184 feet before
crashing in a cabbage patch.
Total flight time: three
seconds.
A few more test flights
crashed and burned, but the most harrowing of the rocket launches was the
fourth one. Back on his aunt's farm in 1929, the episode created such a violent
detonation that it shook nearby homes and frightened residents with balls of
fire, plumes of smoke, and a crash that had some thinking an invasion was under
way.
But the incident didn't
seem to rattle Goddard.
A photo shows him standing
over the decimated projectile with a grin that makes him look downright giddy.
The state fire marshal
wasn't as amused, and banned Goddard from performing any more launches in
Massachusetts. The exile led him to start experimenting on federally-owned land
at the Fort Devens military base, where the state had no control over his
launches.
Funding his research
through money he received at Clark, the professor's work soon attracted the
interest - and money - of industrialist Daniel Guggenheim in the early 1930s.
With a four-year annual
grant of $25,000 from Guggenheim, Goddard and his wife moved to Roswell, New
Mexico, to continue developing his rocket science.
By 1943, he had been hired
by the Navy to work on rocket-assisted takeoff for airplanes near Annapolis,
Md.
The exhibit's focus on
Goddard ends with his death, from larynx cancer at age 63, in 1945.
"You'd be overstating it to
say he was famous at the time,'' Linn said. "The United States getting into
rocketry was still a decade away.''
But his work had an
undeniable impact that would become widely recognized.
A few days before the first
manned moon landing in 1969, The New York Times ran a correction
about a story they published 49 years earlier mocking Goddard's theories.
The museum's exhibit also
explores Goddard's legacy. A collection of NASA photographs taken from outer space
show different landscapes across Earth _ from the arm of Cape Cod muscling its
way into the Atlantic to what looks like a cluttered mass created by the
Himalayan mountains.
The display ends with
Worcester's contributions to space travel. Most notable is the nod given to the
David Clark Company, which started as a small knitting business that was tapped
to make space suits for NASA.
"That's all thanks to
Robert Goddard,'' Hofstetter said.
Click here to learn more about the
Worcester Historical Museum.